JAVA

Object type casting(upcasting,downcasting) example in Java

seoca 2019. 6. 17. 08:06

 

Upcasting을 이용하면 부모객체로 부터 상속받은 메서드를 사용할 수 있게된다. 즉, 단 하나의 부모클래스의 객체(PhoneInfo)로 여러가지 자식 메서드(univPhoneInfo, companyPhoneInfo, friendPhoneInfo)를 검색할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 

 

Example I

public class PhoneInfo {
    String name;
    String phoneNum;
 
    public PhoneInfo(String name, String num){
        this.name = name;
        phoneNum = num;
    }
 
    public void showInfo(){ 
        System.out.println("name: " + name);
        System.out.println("phone: " + phoneNum);
    }
}
 
 
public class PhoneUnivInfo extends PhoneInfo{
    String major;
    int year;
 
    public PhoneUnivInfo(String name, String num, String major, int year){
        super(name,num);
        this.major = major;
        this.year = year;
    }
 
    public void showInfo(){
        super.showInfo();
        System.out.println("major: " + major);
        System.out.println("year: " + year);
    }
}
 
 
public class PhoneManager {
    final int MAX = 100;
    int curCnt;
    PhoneInfo[] phoneInfo = new PhoneInfo[MAX];
 
    //Upcasting
    //return parent class type
    public PhoneInfo univInput(){
        System.out.print("name: ");
        String name = MenuViewer.keyboard.nextLine();
        System.out.print("phone: ");
        String phone = MenuViewer.keyboard.nextLine();
        System.out.print("major: ");
        String major = MenuViewer.keyboard.nextLine();
        System.out.print("year: ");
        String year = MenuViewer.keyboard.nextLine();
        MenuViewer.keyboard.nextLine();
 
        //return child class 
        return new PhoneUnivInfo(name,phone,major,year);
    }
}
 
 
 

 

 

Example II

class Animal{
    void walk(){
        System.out.print("I am walking. from Animal ");
    }
 
    void talk(){
        System.out.println("Am I ?");
    }
}
 
class Bird extends Animal{
    void walk(){
        super.walk();
        System.out.println("I am walking. from Bird");
    }
 
    void sing(){
        System.out.println("I am singing");
    }
}
 
public class Main{
 
    public static void main(String args[]){
 
        Animal[] animal = new Animal[10];
        Bird bird = new Bird();
 
        bird.walk(); //I am walking. from Animal I am walking. from Bird
        bird.talk(); //Am I? // 상속: 하위클래스가 상위클래스의 메서드 그대로 사용가능.
 
        animal[2= new Bird(); //Upcasting: Implicitly 부모타입으로 자식객체를 참조할 수 있다. 이럴 경우 상위클래스에서 상속받은 메서드만 사용가능
        animal[2].walk(); //I am walking. from Animal I am walking. from Bird
        ((Bird)animal[2]).sing(); //I'm singing //Downcasting: Explicitly 하위클래스 사용하려면 클래스형변환을 사용하여 접근이 가능하다.
 
    }
}
 
 

 

 

Reference

https://www.baeldung.com/java-type-casting